Microgreens are miniature vegetable greens that are used both as visual enhancements and palate enhancements in a variety of dishes. They are packed full of valuable nutrients and can add some color and spice to almost any diet. However, like all plant-based food, microgreens are susceptible to decay and wilting after being harvested. This decay can be slowed or even stopped by taking certain steps to ensure that your freshly cut microgreens are stored properly. Let’s look at some of these ways on how to extend the shelf life of freshly harvested microgreens.
1.1 Proper Handling
The first important step to extend the shelf life of your harvested microgreens is to handle them properly. When harvesting, use clean, sharp shears or scissors to cut the stems. The use of dull or dirty cutting implements can damage the plant cells and accelerate decomposition. Also, try to handle them gently, as rough treatment can crush the plants and speed up decay.
1.2 Time to Harvest
The timing of harvest is also critical to the shelf life of microgreens. The best time to cut the greens is in the early morning before the heat of the day has had a chance to dehydrate the plants. In addition, the microgreens should be harvested once they’ve reached their peak size and not allowed to overgrow, as this can lead to spoilage.
1.3 Cleaning and Drying
Before packing and storing microgreens, they should be cleaned properly. The washing process will remove any dirt or other contaminants from the plants, reducing the chance of microbial growth. Post washing, it is imperative to dry the microgreens thoroughly. Any moisture left on the surface of the greens can promote the growth of mold and bacteria, which will dramatically decrease the shelf life of the microgreens.
1.4 Temperature Control
One of the most effective ways to extend the shelf life of microgreens is by storing them at a low temperature, ideally around 4°C (39°F). This low temperature will slow down the metabolic processes of the greens, reducing decay, wilting, and the growth of microbes. Therefore, as soon as the microgreens are harvested, they should be cooled down to the appropriate storage temperature as quickly as possible to prolong their freshness.
1.5 Packaging
Packaging also plays a crucial role in extending the shelf life of microgreens. Use breathable or perforated packaging materials that allow some air to pass through, as this will prevent the buildup of unwanted gases that are released by the greens as they breathe. Avoid compacting the greens too tightly inside the packaging, as oxygen should circulate freely around all the microgreens.
1.6 Prepping for Storage
Before storing, consider prepping your microgreens by placing them in food-safe containers lined with paper towels. The paper towels will absorb any excess moisture and create a barrier between the cold container and the delicate greens. Also, remember to cover the container before putting it in the refrigerator to prevent the greens from being dehydrated by the cold, dry air in the refrigerator.
2.1 Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP)
A more advanced method to extend the shelf life of microgreens is through Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP). This technique alters the air composition within the packaging by increasing carbon dioxide and decreasing oxygen levels, inhibiting the growth of bacteria and slowing down the product degradation process. While this technique can significantly extend the shelf life of microgreens, it does require specialized equipment and knowledge to implement correctly.
2.2 Use of Preservatives
Preservatives are substances added to food to prevent spoilage caused by microbial growth. There are various types of food-grade preservatives that can be utilized to extend the shelf life of microgreens, including citric acid, ascorbic acid, and vinegar. While preservatives can effectively slow down decay processes, it is crucial to ensure that their use and quantity conform to national and international food safety regulations.
2.3 Vacuum Sealing
Vacuum sealing is another effective method to improve the shelf life of microgreens. Vacuum-sealed packages remove air from the storage bags and thus reduce the rate of oxidation. This slows down the growth of bacteria, mold, and other organisms that can cause food to spoil. In addition, vacuum sealing can prevent the crushing and compacting of the fragile greens inside the storage bag, maintaining their freshness, structure, and appearance.
2.4 Use of Antimicrobial Edible Coatings
In recent years, there has been increased interest in the use of edible coatings to inhibit microbial growth and extend the shelf life of fresh produce, including microgreens. These coatings can contain antimicrobial agents like essential oils or other plant extracts that have been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi.
The best ways to lengthen the shelf life of freshly harvested microgreens profoundly depend on proper handling, cleaning, packaging, temperature control, and additional preservation methods. By exploring and implementing these tips and practices, you are bound to enjoy vibrant, nutritious, and fresh microgreens for a more extended period.
